U.S. Court of Federal Claims — Judicial Business 2023

The U.S. Court of Federal Claims has nationwide jurisdiction over a variety of monetary claims against the federal government, including those involving tax refunds, federal taking of private property for public use, pay and dismissal of federal civilian employees, pay and dismissal of military personnel, land claims brought by Native Americans and/or their tribe(s), contract disputes, bid protests, patents and copyright, congressional reference, and the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Act. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 791(c), each January the clerk of court transmits to Congress a statement of all the judgments rendered, which notes the names of the claimants, the amounts, the dates of entry and nature of the claims, and the dispositions for all judgments rendered the previous fiscal year.

Filings in this court increased 8 percent to 2,214 in 2023. Vaccine compensation cases rose 13 percent to 1,167. Excluding vaccine compensation cases, filings grew 2 percent to 1,047 as property taken cases fell 26 percent to 359. Many of the general jurisdiction cases were of increased complexity and national significance; for example, 28 percent of the general jurisdiction cases filed this fiscal year contained multiple plaintiffs, and 8 percent involved intervening parties.

Total case terminations climbed 12 percent to 2,072. Vaccine case terminations climbed 5 percent to 1,287. Pending cases increased 2 percent to 5,739.

Filings in 2023 were 8 percent higher than in 2019. Case filings under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Act have fallen 9 percent from 1,287 petitions in 2019 to 1,167 petitions in 2023.

For data on filings in the Court of Federal Claims, see Tables G-2A and G-2B.